धातु ,अधातु और यौगिकों की उपयोगिता | Metal and non-metal compounds in Hindi

Answer – Metals have a property of donating electrons when an electronegative atom approaches it. Non metals,on the other hand, have a property of accepting electrons. So whenever a metal atom has a free electron in its valence shell, a non metal may show up demanding that electron. Also a metal attains stable state by donating whereas a non metal obtains stability by receiving electrons. By fulfilling these conditions the elements attain octet configuration,that is , a stable state.

Question 2. Why are non-metal oxides acidic?

Answers – Most nonmetal oxides are acidic, but not all. For example, carbon monoxide (CO) is not acidic.The addition of water to a nonmetal oxide results in a compound that consists of a nonmetal atom surrounded by oxo (=O) and hydroxy (-OH) groups. For example,

SO3(l) + H2O(l) —–> H2SO4(l)

where the structure of sulfuric acid is as follows:

(Caution: this reaction is extremely exothermic and dangerous.)

Such a molecule readily loses a proton from one of its hydroxy groups because the resulting anion is highly stabilized by the oxygen atoms and the electronegative nonmetal atom. Therefore, it’s acidic. Such a compound is called an oxyacid. Acid strength generally increases with the number of oxygens and the electronegativity of the nonmetal.

Note that the oxyacid itself may be unstable. It doesn’t matter. The important thing is that the anion is stable. A nonmetal oxide may then react with water to directly give a proton and the conjugate base of the oxyacid:

CO2(g) + H2O(l) —–> H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)

Answer- First, non-metallic oxides when dissolved in water, gives an acid. True (with the except of CO, H2O, NO and a handful of others that are non-metallic neutral oxides) BUT ammonia is NOT an oxide. NH3. Where is the oxygen?Secondly, when we mention that non-metallic oxides, we kinda implied that it is just the non-metal and oxygen. A compound that is made up of an non-metal and oxygen. We have learnt that compounds and the elements that make them up have different properties. (I hope you still can remember that.) NH3 and N and N2 have completely different physical and chemical properties. In organic chemistry I can have isomers that are acidic, basic, neutral, just by rearranging carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 4. How can I find the valency of any metal, non-metal, element, compound and radical?

Answer- Valency means ability of atom to lose, gain, or share electrons on the basis of octet rule to satisfy it’s stability. It indicates the group number of metal, non-metal etc also also indicates the combining capacity of one specie to other specie . So on that basis we can find or judge the valency of any chemical species.

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